Prof. Dr. Kristian Förster

Hydrologie

Adresse: A1.511
Am Hofgarten 1
85354 Freising
Fakultät: Fakultät Landschaftsarchitektur

Publikationen

Zeitschriftenbeiträge (peer-reviewed)
- Maria Herminia Pesci, Philipp Schulte-Overberg, Thomas Bosshard, Prof. Dr. Kristian Förster
  
  Berechtigungen: Open Access
  
  Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
  
  From global glacier modeling to catchment hydrology: bridging the gap with the WaSiM-OGGM coupling scheme (2023) Frontiers in Water 5 . DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2023.1296344
  
  Coupled glacio-hydrological models have recently become a valuable method for predicting the hydrological response of catchments in mountainous regions under a changing climate. While hydrological models focus mostly on processes of the non-glacierized part of the catchment with a relatively simple glacier representation, the latest generation of standalone (global) glacier models tend to describe glacier processes more accurately by using new global datasets and explicitly modeling ice-flow dynamics. Yet, to the authors' knowledge, existing catchment-scale coupled glacio-hydrological models either do not include these most recent advances in glacier modeling or are simply not available to other users. By making use of the capabilities of the free, distributed, physically-based Water Flow and Balance Simulation Model (WaSiM) and the Open Global Glacier Model (OGGM), a coupling scheme is developed to bridge the gap between global glacier representation and local catchment hydrology. The WaSiM-OGGM coupling scheme is used to further assess the impacts under future climates on the glaciological and hydrological processes in the Gepatschalm catchment (Austria), by considering a combination of three climate projections under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5. Additionally, the results are compared to the original WaSiM model with the integrated Volume-Area (VA) scaling approach for modeling glaciers. Although both models (WaSiM with VA scaling and WaSiM-OGGM coupling scheme) perform very similar during the historical simulations (1971–2010), large discrepancies arise when looking into the future (2011–2100). In terms of runoff, the VA scaling model suggests a reduction of the mean monthly peak between 10–19%, whereas a reduction of 26–41% is computed by the coupling scheme. Similarly, results suggest that glaciers will continuously retreat until 2100. By the end of the century, between 20–43% of the 2010 glacier area will remain according to the VA scaling model, but only 1–23% is expected to remain with the coupling scheme. The results from the WaSiM-OGGM coupling scheme raises awareness of including more sophisticated glacier evolution models when performing hydrological simulations at the catchment scale in the future. As the WaSiM-OGGM coupling scheme is released as open-source software, it is accessible to any interested modeler with limited or even no glacier knowledge.
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- Fang Yenn Teo, Faissal Aziz, Silvia Di Francesco, Prof. Dr. Kristian Förster
  
  Berechtigungen: Open Access
  
  Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
  
  Editorial: Potential and limitations of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) to global water challenges (2023) Frontiers in Water 5 , S. 1-3. DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2023.1278462
  
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- Terence J. O'Kane, Adam A. Scaife, Yochanan Kushnir, Anca Brookshaw, Carlo Buontempo, David Carlin, Richenda K. Connell, Francisco Doblas-Reyes, Nick Dunstone, Prof. Dr. Kristian Förster, Antonio Graça, Alistair J. Hobday, Vassili Kitsios, Larissa van der Laan, Julia Lockwood, William J. Merryfield, Andreas Paxian, Mark R. Payne, M. Catherine Reader, Geoffrey R. Saville, Doug Smith, Balakrishnan Solaraju-Murali, Nico Caltabiano, Jessie Carman, Ed Hawkins, Noel Keenlyside, Arun Kumar, Daniela Matei, Holger Pohlmann, Scott Power, Marilyn Raphael, Michael Sparrow, Bo Wu
  
  Berechtigungen: Open Access
  
  Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
  
  Recent applications and potential of near-term (interannual to decadal) climate predictions (2023) Frontiers in Climate 5 , S. 1-15. DOI: 10.3389/fclim.2023.1121626
  
  Mehr
- Thea Wübbelmann, Prof. Dr. Kristian Förster, Laurens M. Bouwer, Claudia Dworczyk, Steffen Bender, Prof. Dr. Benjamin Burkhard
  
  Berechtigungen: Open Access
  
  Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
  
  Urban flood regulating ecosystem services under climate change: how can Nature-based Solutions contribute? (2023) Frontiers in Water 5 . DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2023.1081850
  
  Urban areas are mostly highly sealed spaces, which often leads to large proportions of surface runoff. At the same time, heavy rainfall events are projected to increase in frequency and intensity with anthropogenic climate change. Consequently, higher risks and damages from pluvial flooding are expected. The analysis of Flood Regulating Ecosystem Services (FRES) can help to determine the benefits from nature to people by reducing surface runoff and runoff peaks. However, urban FRES are rarely studied for heavy rainfall events under changing climate conditions. Therefore, we first estimate the functionality of current urban FRES-supply and demand under changing climate conditions. Second, we identify the effects of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) on FRES-supply and demand and their potential future functionality and benefits concerning more intensive rainfall events. A district of the city of Rostock in northeastern Germany serves as the case study area. In addition to the reference conditions based on the current land use, we investigate two potential NbS: (1) increasing the number of trees; and (2) unsealing and soil improvement. Both NbS and a combination of both are applied for three heavy rainfall scenarios. In addition to a reference scenario, two future scenarios were developed to investigate the FRES functionality, based on 21 and 28% more intense rainfall. While the potential FRES-demand was held constant, we assessed the FRES-supply and actual demand for all scenario combinations, using the hydrological model LEAFlood. The comparison between the actual demand and supply indicates the changes in FRES-supply surplus and unmet demand increase. Existing land use structures reached a FRES capacity and cannot buffer more intense rainfall events. Whereas, the NbS serve FRES benefits by increasing the supply and reducing the actual demand. Using FRES indicators, based on hydrological models to estimate future functionality under changing climate conditions and the benefits of NbS, can serve as an analysis and decision-support tool for decision-makers to reduce future urban flood risk.
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Forschungsprojekte

Laufzeit: 01.01.2024 – 31.12.2026

Schwerpunkt: Landnutzung
Schwammflurmaßnahmen unterstützt durch Citizen science in der Hydrologie und Weiterentwicklung von Anwendungen, Methoden und Modellen als Toolbox (SCHWAMMBOX)
In diesem Projekt sollen Schwammflurmaßnahmen bzw. deren Umsetzung in der Landschaft aus hydrologischer Sicht begleitet werden, um eine Toolbox für die zukünftige Planung solcher Maßnahmen zu …
Mehr
- Projektleitung HSWT: Prof. Dr. Kristian Förster
Laufzeit: 01.04.2023 – 31.03.2024

Schwerpunkt: Landnutzung

Forschungsstatus: Abgeschlossen
Bewässerung des Hamburger Stadtgrüns – Grundlagen und Konzepte
In dem Projekt werden Grundlagen zu Bewässerungsbedarfen von Stadtgrün in Hamburg ermittelt.
Mehr
- Projektleitung HSWT: Prof. Dr. Kristian Förster

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Prof. Dr. Kristian Förster

Publikationen

Zeitschriftenbeiträge (peer-reviewed)

From global glacier modeling to catchment hydrology: bridging the gap with the WaSiM-OGGM coupling scheme (2023) Frontiers in Water 5 . DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2023.1296344

Editorial: Potential and limitations of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) to global water challenges (2023) Frontiers in Water 5 , S. 1-3. DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2023.1278462

Recent applications and potential of near-term (interannual to decadal) climate predictions (2023) Frontiers in Climate 5 , S. 1-15. DOI: 10.3389/fclim.2023.1121626

Urban flood regulating ecosystem services under climate change: how can Nature-based Solutions contribute? (2023) Frontiers in Water 5 . DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2023.1081850

Forschungsprojekte

Schwammflurmaßnahmen unterstützt durch Citizen science in der Hydrologie und Weiterentwicklung von Anwendungen, Methoden und Modellen als Toolbox (SCHWAMMBOX)

Bewässerung des Hamburger Stadtgrüns – Grundlagen und Konzepte