Die chronologische Liste zeigt aktuelle Veröffentlichungen aus dem Forschungsbetrieb der Hochschule Weihenstephan-Triesdorf. Zuständig ist das Zentrum für Forschung und Wissenstransfer (ZFW).
Modelling Microclimates in the Smart City: a Campus Case Study on Natural Ventilation (2016) REAL CORP 2016 Proceedings 2016 , S. 473-479.
In recent years, modeling tools have been developed that allow quantifying and comparing the microclimatic impacts of different design options, e.g. modeling wind tunnel effects or surface heat. Our research for open spaces as an essential part of smart cities investigates how landscape architecture designs, e.g. tree planting strategies, green roofs, etc. will interact with the microclimate and natural ventilation or air flow. Addressing open spaces is also an important connecting element across the various disciplines involved and will facilitate close interdisciplinary collaboration. Interdisciplinary collaboration could address the interrelation between outdoor spaces and indoor conditions, public stakeholder involvement, and the risks through extreme weather events. The expected results will inform sustainable landscape design solutions and increase resilience to climate change. We started with a case study in modeling the micro-climate for the new campus masterplan of the University of Sheffield, currently developed by Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios, Grant Associates, & AECOM (2014). Peng & Elwan (2011) had already used ENVI-met to model the impact of climate change on building temperatures; Wong & Jusuf (2008) used GIS. After testing different software packages, we decided to use Autodesk Vasari in comparison, which is well integrated with other Autodesk products. First, past and current wind speeds were collected to calibrate the model. Applying our modelling approach provided figures on how the proposed masterplan design will change the local microclimate on campus and predicted effects on wind speeds on central parts of the campus. The results show that street trees have a significant influence on the air flow and that improved street tree design can increase natural ventilation mitigating the UHI effect on campus. The model also showed some of the interactions between buildings and trees although the used software was rather limited with regard to different vegetation types. The presentation will conclude with suggestions for further research and for future software development to improve the accuracy of microclimate and air flow modeling in smart cities.
Like Jian,
Jian Kang,
Prof. Dr. Olaf Gerhard Schroth
Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Prediction of the visual impact of motorways using GIS (2015) Environmental Impact Assessment Review 55 , S. 59-73.
DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2015.07.001
Large scale transportation projects can adversely affect the visual perception of environmental quality and re- quire adequate visual impact assessment. In this study, we investigated the effects of the characteristics of the road project and the character of the existing landscape on the perceived visual impact ofmotorways, and devel- oped a GIS-based prediction model based on the findings. An online survey using computer-visualised scenes of different motorway and landscape scenarios was carried out to obtain perception-based judgements on the vi- sual impact.Motorway scenarios simulated included the baseline scenario without road, originalmotorway,mo- torways with timber noise barriers, transparent noise barriers and tree screen; different landscape scenarios were created by changing land cover of buildings and trees in three distance zones. The landscape content of each scenewasmeasured in GIS. The result shows that presence of amotorway especially with the timber barrier significantly decreases the visual quality of the view. The resulted visual impact tends to be lowerwhere it is less visually pleasant with more buildings in the view, and can be slightly reduced by the visual absorption effect of the scattered trees between themotorway and the viewpoint. Based on the survey result, eleven predictorswere identified for the visual impact prediction modelwhichwas applied in GIS to generate maps of visual impact of motorways in different scenarios. The proposed predictionmodel can be used to achieve efficient and reliable as- sessment of visual impact of motorways.
Prof. Dr. Olaf Gerhard Schroth,
Ellen Pond,
Stephen R. J. Sheppard
Berechtigungen: Open Access
Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Evaluating presentation formats of local climate change in community planning with regard to process and outcomes (2015) Landscape and Urban Planning 142 , S. 147-158.
DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.03.011
This study synthesizes two evaluations of a local climate change planning process in a rural town in British Columbia (Canada), which was supported through landscape visualizations. First, the impact of the visualizations, based on scientific environmental modeling and presented in three different presentation formats, verbal/visual presentation, posters and a virtual globe, was evaluated with regard to immediate impacts during the process. Second, the long-term impacts on decision-making and actual outcomes were evaluated in a retrospective evaluation 22 months after the end of the initial planning process. Two results are highlighted: according to the quantitative pre-/post-questionnaires, the visualizations contributed to increased awareness and understanding. Most importantly, the retrospective evaluation indicated that the process informed policy, operational and built changes in Kimberley, in which the landscape visualizations played a role. The post interviews with key decision-makers showed that they remembered most of the visualizations and some decision-makers were further using them, particularly the posters. The virtual globe seemed to be not a “sustainable” display format suitable for formal decision-making processes such as council meetings though. That may change with the further mainstreaming of visualization technologies or mobile devices. Until then, we recommend using display formats that can be re-used following a specific planning event such as an Open House, to ensure on-going support for effective decision-making over the longer-term.
Prof. Dr. Olaf Gerhard Schroth,
Alicia Lavalle,
Mathew Ipe Deepti,
Stephen R. J. Sheppard
Serious Games as a Tool for the Landscape Education of High School students (2015) Digital Landscape Architecture 2015 2015 , S. 336-343.
The paper highlights the landscape related aspects of the development of a so-called “serious game” about climate change and present feedback from high school student focus groups and expert interviews with teachers. Conclusions are drawn for the further development of landscape visualizations, e.g. that established technologies in the gaming industry such as the Unity3D engine provide affordable and easily usable tools for dynamic and interactive landscape visualization. The focus groups also show that a serious game can engage high school students with environmental and landscape topics on a high level of complexity and that the game has contributed to raising their awareness about the local impacts of climate change. However, it is too early to say whether such a game can lead to changes in behavior as well.
Prof. Dr. Olaf Gerhard Schroth,
Alicia Lavalle,
Mathew Ipe Deepti,
Stephen R. J. Sheppard
Serious Games as a Tool for the Landscape Education of High School students (2015) Herausgeber: E. Buhmann, S. Ervin, & M. Pietsch (Eds.), Digital Landscape Architecture 2015 at Hochschule Anhalt. Wichmann Verlag: Offenbach & Berlin , S. 336–343.
K. Jones,
R. Devillers,
Y. Bédard,
Prof. Dr. Olaf Gerhard Schroth
Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Visualizing perceived spatial data quality of 3D objects within virtual globes (2014) International Journal of Digital Earth 7 (10), S. 771–788.
DOI: 10.1080/17538947.2013.783128
Virtual globes (VGs) allow Internet users to view geographic data of heterogeneous quality created by other users. This article presents a new approach for collecting and visualizing information about the perceived quality of 3D data in VGs. It aims at improving users' awareness of the quality of 3D objects. Instead of relying on the existing metadata or on formal accuracy assessments that are often impossible in practice, we propose a crowd-sourced quality recommender system based on the five-star visualization method successful in other types of Web applications. Four alternative five-star visualizations were implemented in a Google Earth-based prototype and tested through a formal user evaluation. These tests helped identifying the most effective method for a 3D environment. Results indicate that while most websites use a visualization approach that shows a ‘number of stars’, this method was the least preferred by participants. Instead, participants ranked the ‘number within a star’ method highest as it allowed reducing the visual clutter in urban settings, suggesting that 3D environments such as VGs require different design approaches than 2D or non-geographic applications. Results also confirmed that expert and non-expert users in geographic data share similar preferences for the most and least preferred visualization methods.
Prof. Dr. Olaf Gerhard Schroth,
J. Angel,
A. Dulic,
Stephen R. J. Sheppard
Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Visual Climate Change Communication: From Iconography To Locally Framed 3D Visualization (2014) Environmental Communication: A Journal of Nature and Culture 8 (4), S. 413–432.
DOI: 10.1080/17524032.2014.906478
Climate change is an urgent problem with implications registered notonly globally, but also on national and local scales. It is a particularly challenging case of environmental communication because its main cause, greenhouse gas emissions, is invisible. The predominant approach of making climate change visible is the use of iconic, often affective, imagery. Literature on the iconography of climate change shows that global iconic motifs, such as polar bears, have contributed to a public perception of the problem as spatially and temporally remote. This paper proposesan alternative approach to global climate change icons by focusing on recognizable representations of local impacts within an interactive game environment. This approach was implemented and tested in a research project based on the municipality of Delta, British Columbia. A major outcome of the research is Future Delta, an interactive educational gamefeaturing 3-D visualizations and simulation tools for climate change adaptation and mitigation future scenarios. The empirical evaluation is based on quantitative pre/post game play questionnaires with 24 students and 10 qualitative expert interviews. The findings support the assumption that interactive 3D imagery is effective in communicating climate change. The quantitative post-questionnaires particularly highlight a shift in support of more local responsibility.
Prof. Dr. Olaf Gerhard Schroth
Landscape visualization and modelling and its role in planning, managing and protecting landscapes (2014) Invited keynote at the E-CLIC Conference, Edinburgh, UK 2014 .
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Referent für Wissenstransfer und Forschungskommunikation
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