Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois

Beatrice Tobisch, Jennifer Schmidt, Andreas Gattinger, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois
Berechtigungen: Open Access

Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Wie die Soja schneller groß bekommen? Untersuchung von Saatbeigaben und Hydropriming zur Förderung des Jugendwachstums (2019) Innovatives Denken für eine nachhaltige Land- und Ernährungswirtschaft. Beiträge zur 15. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau, Kassel, 5. bis 8. März 2019, Verlag Dr. Köster, Berlin .
Jennifer Schmidt, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois, Beatrice Tobisch, Günther Leithold
Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Verbesserung der Jugendentwicklung von Sojabohnen durch Priming und Saatgutbeigaben (2015) Tagungsband zur Soja-Tagung im Rahmen des bundesweiten Soja-Netzwerks, 26. - 27. November 2015 in Freising , S. 91-93.
Stephanie Zimmer, Monika Messmer, Thorsten Haase, Anke Mindermann, Hannes Schulz, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois, Jürgen Heß
Berechtigungen: Open Access

Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Ability of commercially available soybean Bradyrhizobia inoculants for cool growing conditions in Central Europe (2014) Rahmann, G. & Aksoy, U. (Eds.): Proceedings of the 4th ISOFAR Scientific Conference ‘Building Organic Bridges’ at the Organic World Congress 2014, 13-15 October, Istanbul, Turkey, Report, Nr. 20 , S. 783-786.
Estelle Berset, Florian Hertenstein, Sarah S. Peláez, Cornelia Bufe, Cécile Thonar, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois, Monika Messmer
Berechtigungen: Open Access

Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Selektion der Soja und deren Symbiosepartner auf Kühletoleranz und Effizienz der biologischen Stickstoff-Fixierung (2013) 12. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, 5. bis 8. März 2013, Verlag Dr. Köster, Berlin , S. 122-125.

Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois, Jennifer Elise Schmidt
Berechtigungen: Open Access

Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Reframing the Debate Surrounding the Yield Gap between Organic and Conventional Farming (2019) Agronomy 9 (2), S. 1-16. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9020082

In this article, we review the literature regarding the yield gap between organic and conventional agriculture and then reflect on the corresponding debate on whether or not organic farming can feed the world. We analyze the current framework and highlight the need to reframe the yield gap debate away from “Can organic feed the world?” towards the more pragmatic question, “How can organic agriculture contribute to feeding the world?”. Furthermore, we challenge the benchmarks that are used in present yield comparison studies, as they are based on fundamentally distinct paradigms of the respective farming methods, and then come up with a novel model to better understand the nature of yield gaps and the benchmarks that they are premised on. We thus conclude that, by establishing appropriate benchmarks, re-prioritizing research needs, and focusing on transforming natural resources rather than inputs, organic systems can raise their yields and play an ever-greater role in global sustainable agriculture and food production in the future.
Bernd Horneburg, Sabrina Seiffert, Jennifer Elise Schmidt, Monika Messmer, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois
Berechtigungen: Open Access

Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Weed tolerance in soybean: a direct selection system (2017) Plant Breeding 136 (3), S. 372-378. DOI: 10.1111/pbr.12469

Weed competition can severely reduce soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) yields, particularly in organic systems. An efficient screening and breeding approach is needed to increase breeding progress for weed tolerance. This study sought to (i) establish a system for direct selection of competitive genotypes, (ii) evaluate genotypic differences in weed tolerance among six early‐maturing genotypes and (iii) assess the contribution of selected morphological traits to weed tolerance. A direct selection system providing two different levels of weed competition through all development stages of a soybean crop was developed, using mixtures of selected crop species as sown competitors. Two resulting mixtures induced intermediate (<30%) and strong (>50%) yield reduction, respectively. This selection system can be applied in screening and breeding programmes to facilitate breeding for weed tolerance. No significant difference in weed tolerance was detected between six soybean genotypes of maturity groups 000 to 00. Morphological traits that might influence competitive ability, for example light absorption, leaf area and lateral shoots, were assessed, and their potential for indirect selection for weed tolerance is discussed.
Stephanie Zimmer, Monika Messmer, Thorsten Haase, Hans-Peter Piepho, Anke Mindermann, Hannes Schulz, Antje Habekuß, Frank Ordon, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois, Jürgen Heß
Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Effects of soybean variety and Bradyrhizobium strains on yield, protein content and biological nitrogen fixation under cool growing conditions in Germany (2016) European Journal of Agronomy 72 , S. 38-46. DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2015.09.008

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is able to fix atmospheric nitrogen in symbiosis with the bacteria Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Because these bacteria are not native in European soils, soybean seeds must be inoculated with Bradyrhizobium strains before sowing to fix nitrogen and meet their yield potential. In Central Europe soybean cultivation is still quite new and breeding of early maturing soybean varieties adapted to cool growing conditions has just started.
Jennifer Elise Schmidt, Monika Messmer, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois
Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Beneficial microorganisms for soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr), with a focus on low root-zone temperatures (2015) Plant and Soil 397 , S. 411-445. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-015-2546-x

BackgroundHeightened interest in biologically-based methods of raising crop yields has driven research into beneficial microorganisms that can be used to improve crop growth and productivity.ScopeThis review addresses the potential of rhizobia, vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM), and plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria to improve growth of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) under temperate conditions. Mechanisms of action of beneficial microorganisms and considerations for utilization at all root-zone temperatures (RZTs) are reviewed. Subsequent sections address current knowledge on the inhibition of soybean growth at low RZTs and the potential of beneficial microorganisms to alleviate low temperature stress.ConclusionsThe three categories of beneficial microorganisms discussed differ in their modes of action and have shown potential for additive or synergistic growth promotion of soybean at all RZTs. At low RZT, pot and field studies have identified strains of rhizobia and PGPR, as well as certain phytohormones, that ameliorate the inhibitory effects of cold stress on soybean growth through a variety of mechanisms. Wider use of these treatments could aid the expansion of soybean cultivation in cold climates.
Annkathrin Gronle, Guido Lux, Herwart Böhm, Prof. Dr. Knut Schmidtke, Melanie Wild, Markus Demmel, Robert Brandhuber, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois, Jürgen Heß
Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Effect of ploughing depth and mechanical soil loading on soil physical properties, weed infestation, yield performance and grain quality in sole and intercrops of pea and oat in organic farming (2015) Soil and Tillage Research 148 , S. 59-73. DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2014.12.004

The effect of ploughing depth and mechanical soil loading on the performance of pea sole crops, oat sole crops and pea–oat intercrops was investigated in field experiments under organic farming conditions at two sites in Germany in 2009 and 2010. The two ploughing depths were short-term shallow ploughing to a soil depth of 7–10 cm and deep ploughing to 25–30 cm. Wheel loads of 26 and 45 kN, which correspond to typical rear wheel loads of field machinery used during sowing operations, were compared to an uncompacted control. Shallow ploughing resulted in a greater penetration resistance in the 14–28 cm soil layer compared to deep ploughing. An increase in mechanical soil loading intensity increased the bulk density and decreased the air capacity in the 10–15 cm soil layer, whereas the penetration resistance was not affected. The annual weed infestation in pea sole crops was higher after shallow than after deep ploughing at both sites. Pea–oat intercrops compensated for the higher weed infestation after shallow ploughing at one site due to their excellent weed suppressive ability. Dependent on oat productivity, pea–oat intercrops produced comparable or higher grain and protein yields than pea sole crops. Intercropped pea yield components and grain protein yields were significantly lower than those of sole cropped peas. The ploughing depth did not affect pea grain yields in either year and oat yields in 2009. Due to a better emergence, the grain and protein yield of sole and intercropped oats were significantly higher after shallow ploughing in 2010. Mechanical soil loading did not have any effect on the yield performance of pea sole crops, oat sole crops and pea–oat intercrops in 2009. In 2010, mechanical soil loading of 26 kN and 45 kN decreased the pea grain yield by 12.1% and 20.8% respectively, regardless of sole or intercropped. Neither the grain yield nor the grain quality of sole and intercropped oats was affected by the mechanical soil loading in 2010. Grain and crude protein yields of total crop stands decreased with increasing mechanical soil loading after deep ploughing, whereas no significant differences were revealed after shallow ploughing. The present study confirms the positive qualities of pea–oat intercrops with regard to weed suppression and plant performance. Shallow ploughing mitigates the risk of a decrease in crop performance caused by heavy field traffic and provides an alternative to deep ploughing even in low weed competitive organically farmed grain legumes.
Jacques, G. Fuchs, Barbara Thürig, Robert Brandhuber, Christian Bruns, Maria, R. Finckh, Andreas Fließbach, Paul Mäder, Harald Schmidt, Werner Vogt-Kaute, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois, Lucius Tamm
Berechtigungen: Peer Reviewed
Evaluation of the causes of legume yield depression syndrome using an improved diagnostic tool (2014) Applied Soil Ecology 79 , S. 26-36. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.02.013

The aim of the study was to establish a diagnostic tool to narrow down the causes for pea yield depressions. A differential two-level diagnostic test system was established under controlled conditions using peas (Pisum sativum L.) as test plants. Soils from 22 organically managed sites with unexplained moderate to high pea yield losses were tested in level 1 diagnostics (γ-irradiation to eliminate potentially harmful organisms, nutrient additions to compensate for potential nutrient deficiencies or activated charcoal amendment to bind and thereby to immobilize potentially phytotoxic compounds). Results showed that organisms harmful to the test plant were the primary cause of limited germination and growth in most of the sampled soils, whereas a positive effect of nutrient addition was rarely found and toxins were not involved. Level 2 diagnostics (pesticides targeting ascomycetes, oomycetes, Rhizoctonia spp., nematodes) further narrowed down the organisms involved in yield depressions. Oomycetes were identified as the primary reason for limited germination rates, and, in some soils, also for limited growth of established seedlings. In other soils, a multitude rather than a single group of pathogens was involved in limited growth. Plant-pathogenic nematodes were never found to be limiting for crop growth parameters. Harmful effects of pesticides were found in several soils, hinting at an important role of beneficial soil organisms in the suppression of pathogens causing yield depression in legumes. The bioassay used in the present study was robust and could thus serve as a low-cost tool for agricultural advisors and farmers to predict the risk of yield losses in legumes and to narrow down causes, helping them to develop appropriate strategies.

Monika Messmer, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois, Chris Baier, Freya Schäfer, Christine Arncken, Dora Drexler, Isabell Hildermann

Plant Breeding Techniques – An Assessment for organic farming (2015) FiBL-Dossier. Hrsg. Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau (FiBL), CH-Frick, 48 S .
Herwart Böhm, Björn Bohne, Robert Brandhuber, Christian Bruns, Markus Demmel, Maria, R. Finckh, Jacques, G. Fuchs, Annkathrin Gronle, Prof. Dr. sc. agr. Oliver Hensel, Guido Lux, Detlev Möller, Harald Schmidt, Prof. Dr. Knut Schmidtke, Ann-Kathrin Spiegel, Werner Vogt-Kaute, Dagmar Werren, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois, Melanie Wild, Daniel Wolf

Körnerleguminosen und Bodenfruchtbarkeit - Strategien für einen erfolgreichen Anbau (2014) Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung (BLE), Bonn, Deutschland, 60 S .
Ann-Kathrin Spiegel, Annkathrin Gronle, Christine Arncken, Theresa Bernhardt, Jürgen Heß, Julia Schmack, Janina Schmid, Kerstin Spory, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois

Leguminosen nutzen - Naturverträgliche Anbaumethoden aus der Praxis (2014) Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN), D-Bonn, 143 S .

Harald Schmidt, Christian Bruns, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois

Eindringwiderstand ökologisch bewirtschafteter Ackerböden - Einfluss von Standort und Bewirtschaftung sowie Auswirkungen auf den Ertrag von Wintergetreide (2015) 13. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau, Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde, 17. - 20. März 2015, Verlag Dr. Köster, Berlin .
Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois, Helmut Nußbaumer, Jürgen Recknagel

Gute Chancen für den Öko-Sojaanbau in Deutschland (2015) 13. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau, Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde, 17. - 20. März 2015, Verlag Dr. Köster, Berlin .
Ludwig Asam, Mario Müller, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois

Verhalten von Sojasorten mit unterschiedlicher Trypsininhibtoraktivität bei der Aufbereitung (2015) 13. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau, Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde, 17. - 20. März 2015, Verlag Dr. Köster, Berlin .

Monika Messmer, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois

Was ist uns gute Züchtung wert? (2015) Ökologie & Landbau 174 (2), S. 21-23.

Sigrid Griese, Ulrich Ebert, Stephanie Fischinger, Uwe Geier, Annika Lenz, Freya Schäfer, Ann-Kathrin Spiegel, Werner Vogt-Kaute, Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois

Strategieoptionen zur Realisierung einer 100%igen Biofütterung bei Monogastriern im ökologischen Landbau (2014) Verbund Ökologische Praxisforschung V.Ö.P, 70 S .
Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois, Ann-Kathrin Spiegel, Ludwig Asam, Christiane Balko, Heiko Becker, Estelle Berset, Andreas Butz, Thorsten Haase, Antje Habekuß, Volker Hahn, Jürgen Heß, Bernd Horneburg, Bianka Hüsing, Maik Kohlbrecher, Christian Littmann, Monika Messmer, Martin Miersch, Anke Mindermann, Helmut Nußbaumer, Frank Ordon, Jürgen Recknagel, Hannes Schulz, Kerstin Spory, Dieter Trautz, Jürgen Unsleber, Maria Vergara, Rainer Vogel, Werner Vogt-Kaute, Barbara Wedemeier-Kremer, Steffi Zimmer, Tim Zurheide

Ausweitung des Sojaanbaus in Deutschland durch züchterische Anpassung sowie pflanzenbauliche und verarbeitungstechnische Optimierung (2014) Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau (FiBL), D-Frankfurt (Gesamtkoordination) .
Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois, Herwart Böhm, Björn Bohne, Robert Brandhuber, Christian Bruns, Markus Demmel, Maria, R. Finckh, Jacques, G. Fuchs, Annkathrin Gronle, Prof. Dr. sc. agr. Oliver Hensel, Jürgen Heß, Rainer Jörgensen, Guido Lux, Paul Mäder, Detlev Möller, Harald Schmidt, Prof. Dr. Knut Schmidtke, Ann-Kathrin Spiegel, Lucius Tamm, Werner Vogt-Kaute, Melanie Wild, Daniel Wolf

Steigerung der Wertschöpfung ökologisch angebauter Marktfrüchte durch Optimierung des Managements der Bodenfruchtbarkeit (2013) Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau (FiBL), D-Frankfurt (Gesamtkoordination) .

Prof. Dr. Klaus-Peter Wilbois

Publikationen

Beiträge zu wissenschaftlicher Konferenz/Tagung

Verbesserung der Jugendentwicklung von Sojabohnen durch Priming und Saatgutbeigaben (2015) Tagungsband zur Soja-Tagung im Rahmen des bundesweiten Soja-Netzwerks, 26. - 27. November 2015 in Freising , S. 91-93.

Selektion der Soja und deren Symbiosepartner auf Kühletoleranz und Effizienz der biologischen Stickstoff-Fixierung (2013) 12. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, 5. bis 8. März 2013, Verlag Dr. Köster, Berlin , S. 122-125.

Zeitschriftenbeiträge (peer-reviewed)

Reframing the Debate Surrounding the Yield Gap between Organic and Conventional Farming (2019) Agronomy 9 (2), S. 1-16. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9020082

Weed tolerance in soybean: a direct selection system (2017) Plant Breeding 136 (3), S. 372-378. DOI: 10.1111/pbr.12469

Effects of soybean variety and Bradyrhizobium strains on yield, protein content and biological nitrogen fixation under cool growing conditions in Germany (2016) European Journal of Agronomy 72 , S. 38-46. DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2015.09.008

Beneficial microorganisms for soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr), with a focus on low root-zone temperatures (2015) Plant and Soil 397 , S. 411-445. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-015-2546-x

Effect of ploughing depth and mechanical soil loading on soil physical properties, weed infestation, yield performance and grain quality in sole and intercrops of pea and oat in organic farming (2015) Soil and Tillage Research 148 , S. 59-73. DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2014.12.004

Evaluation of the causes of legume yield depression syndrome using an improved diagnostic tool (2014) Applied Soil Ecology 79 , S. 26-36. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.02.013

Bücher / Monografien

Plant Breeding Techniques – An Assessment for organic farming (2015) FiBL-Dossier. Hrsg. Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau (FiBL), CH-Frick, 48 S .

Körnerleguminosen und Bodenfruchtbarkeit - Strategien für einen erfolgreichen Anbau (2014) Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung (BLE), Bonn, Deutschland, 60 S .

Leguminosen nutzen - Naturverträgliche Anbaumethoden aus der Praxis (2014) Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN), D-Bonn, 143 S .

Vorträge

Gute Chancen für den Öko-Sojaanbau in Deutschland (2015) 13. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau, Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde, 17. - 20. März 2015, Verlag Dr. Köster, Berlin .

Verhalten von Sojasorten mit unterschiedlicher Trypsininhibtoraktivität bei der Aufbereitung (2015) 13. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau, Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde, 17. - 20. März 2015, Verlag Dr. Köster, Berlin .

Zeitschriftenbeiträge

Was ist uns gute Züchtung wert? (2015) Ökologie & Landbau 174 (2), S. 21-23.

Sonstige Veröffentlichungen

Strategieoptionen zur Realisierung einer 100%igen Biofütterung bei Monogastriern im ökologischen Landbau (2014) Verbund Ökologische Praxisforschung V.Ö.P, 70 S .

Ausweitung des Sojaanbaus in Deutschland durch züchterische Anpassung sowie pflanzenbauliche und verarbeitungstechnische Optimierung (2014) Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau (FiBL), D-Frankfurt (Gesamtkoordination) .

Steigerung der Wertschöpfung ökologisch angebauter Marktfrüchte durch Optimierung des Managements der Bodenfruchtbarkeit (2013) Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau (FiBL), D-Frankfurt (Gesamtkoordination) .